{"id":"W7008487766","doi":"","title":"Chinese-as-a-First-Language (CL1) and English-as-a-First-Language (EL1) Undergraduate Students' Business Writing in Canadian Universities: A Corpus-Based Contrastive Study of Linguistic Features","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"dissertation","venue":"UVic’s Research and Learning Repository (University of Victoria)","topic":"Second Language Acquisition and Learning","field":"Psychology","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Academic writing; Technical writing; Business communication; Business correspondence; Computational linguistics; Higher education; Professional writing; Applied linguistics","routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":true},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","research_integrity"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001230196,0.0004527325,0.0008014432,0.002047975,0.00110546,0.0002248238,0.0005736453,0.0005361094,0.0008785671],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0009105252,0.0005417367,0.0001134321,0.001260365,0.0003207321,0.0001562351,0.0001490109,0.00261885,0.00002022769],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000521305,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0008816176,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.542672,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.3228402,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9958519,0.001003458,0.0004130556,0.0009881599,0.0009620762,0.0007813168],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9962225,0.001522578,0.0003692351,0.0004096431,0.0009979674,0.000478107],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"qualitative","study_design_gemma":"qualitative","study_design_scores_codex":[0.002478401,0.0006646824,0.08138867,0.00158679,0.0008016675,0.01093014,0.9003764,0.0001753982,0.0003836975,0.000320205,0.000169217,0.0007247482],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.003140339,0.001332244,0.2219887,0.001246103,0.000162954,0.0000358657,0.7698492,0.0001268071,0.00001518803,0.00001898,0.001644741,0.0004387834],"study_design_candidate":"qualitative","study_design_consensus":"qualitative","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9752161,0.008951925,0.000001764728,0.00005454631,0.000998828,0.0007720693,0.0000300626,0.00009024502,0.01388447],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9782795,0.00009114073,0.00001194899,0.00002237519,0.000342003,0.000005881521,0.00029655,0.00007387351,0.02087672],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.2198318,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9997034,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.008930950408499293,"score_gpt":0.31673595302995,"score_spread":0.3078050026214507,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}