{"id":"W7048254122","doi":"","title":"Is University Education in Canada More Affordable Than in the United States?: A Review of the Argument Presented in The Affordability of University Education: A Perspective From Both Sides of the 49th Parallel","year":2010,"lang":"en","type":"other","venue":"QSpace (Queen's University Library)","topic":"Superconducting and THz Device Technology","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Perspective (graphical); Argument (complex analysis); University education; Higher education; Government (linguistics); University system; Public university","routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":true},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001659609,0.0002417543,0.0004164282,0.0002908066,0.00009365725,0.000006830175,0.001589016,0.0001446007,0.0004056894],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00002436619,0.0001634395,0.0001686108,0.001775965,0.0003604746,0.0001983173,0.0003168193,0.0007658345,4.84925e-7],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003179597,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.004307648,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.988257,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.5879093,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9980685,0.0009245016,0.0001860667,0.0003415814,0.0002680163,0.0002114104],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9980723,0.0002754273,0.0004854632,0.001048926,0.00008407318,0.00003381548],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"qualitative","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00006922024,0.001024578,0.8315282,0.0005693142,0.0001980086,0.000004531277,0.008827859,0.00004853462,0.000002689679,0.02262658,0.1349187,0.0001816804],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0006983248,0.00003285176,0.09951733,0.002743263,0.0001904324,2.464733e-7,0.6530916,0.00001057326,0.0001476169,0.001199069,0.2420745,0.0002941734],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.8986893,0.0002945942,0.000006846464,0.07195093,0.0001578096,0.001621397,0.0006397544,0.00002045852,0.02661887],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.948841,0.0008696303,0.0002267656,0.0003345498,0.00003352115,0.000001755908,0.0001810272,0.00004191085,0.04946986],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.732011,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.7641582,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.005882832159297616,"score_gpt":0.2032594706876369,"score_spread":0.1973766385283393,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}