{"id":"W7077053435","doi":"10.1007/s12103-025-09855-2","title":"Correlates of Racially Profiled Consumers’ Attitudes on Perpetrator Accountability: An Exploratory Study of Canadian Shoppers","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"American Journal of Criminal Justice","topic":"Theoretical and Computational Physics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Penn State Harrisburg, Pennsylvania State University","keywords":"Attribution; Exploratory research; Publicity; Public opinion; Profiling (computer programming); Sample (material); Punitive damages","routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":true},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002598426,0.0001414886,0.0004169628,0.0002976585,0.00007678988,0.00001733157,0.0002645081,0.00001607875,0.00006616886],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00003859762,0.0001224621,0.0001017443,0.0004509177,0.0004021841,0.0001585753,0.00002204089,0.0002337335,0.000002262376],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00003845879,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0007616642,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.003679536,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0006549842,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9987431,0.0001798933,0.000489659,0.0001399285,0.0002810616,0.0001663433],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9983039,0.0003509205,0.0004218487,0.0001533259,0.0005976409,0.0001723004],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"qualitative","study_design_scores_codex":[0.004299182,0.01042262,0.4444183,0.0005176948,0.00210651,0.00003983774,0.05045941,0.006817551,0.003240356,0.3507815,0.0002320458,0.126665],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.002330033,0.009865652,0.1323518,0.0004263975,0.004453187,0.000004610572,0.8416309,0.0003762198,0.002118789,0.005862331,0.00009305302,0.0004870276],"study_design_candidate":"qualitative","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9977599,0.00001786098,0.0004983154,0.00006160447,0.0001775039,0.0001221578,0.00002747218,0.000002965985,0.001332166],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9995406,0.00000176181,0.0002599637,0.00009505773,0.00007893922,0.000003599533,0.000003021199,0.000009194468,0.000007810483],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.7911715,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5562382,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.01745829178582557,"score_gpt":0.2984456865480296,"score_spread":0.280987394762204,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}