{"id":"W7079502685","doi":"10.1039/d5ea00066a","title":"Multiphase reaction of nitrate radicals with vanillic acid aerosols: kinetics and formation of light-absorbing particles","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Environmental Science Atmospheres","topic":"Geochemistry and Geologic Mapping","field":"Computer Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"University of Toronto; Government of Canada","keywords":"Vanillic acid; Radical; Kinetics; Nitrate; Nitric acid; Chemical kinetics","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002132297,0.00008131327,0.0001055262,0.000009204248,0.0001151618,0.00003122274,0.0002861573,0.00002896839,0.000008404178],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000393631,0.00006393493,0.00001635851,0.0002688287,0.0004675215,0.0005515853,0.0001503862,0.00004785378,0.000001238948],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00003035774,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001824451,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00001873325,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000004851991,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9991642,0.00001956488,0.0001998598,0.0002233467,0.00022747,0.0001655143],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995442,0.00003331778,0.0001407104,0.0002189601,0.00001212666,0.00005069501],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000008398443,0.00006828736,0.004181466,0.00002062467,0.000002991173,9.553332e-7,0.000314537,0.0003187141,0.9864419,0.0006120434,0.000007023488,0.008023112],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002554518,0.0001054035,0.0135341,0.00005002142,0.00000577885,0.000006646424,0.0004135271,0.01154023,0.9731178,0.0007014949,0.0002004206,0.00006909751],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9735258,0.0001679768,0.02486488,0.0003338737,0.00002543566,0.00009736231,8.023134e-7,0.00001592559,0.000967978],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9822745,0.00003456488,0.0176017,0.00002998387,0.000003486243,0.000004589584,5.98932e-7,8.652212e-7,0.00004969903],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.01332402,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.2607191,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.007276990142181168,"score_gpt":0.2069824228815862,"score_spread":0.1997054327394051,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}