{"id":"W7080842061","doi":"10.1016/j.ijintrel.2025.102280","title":"Immigrant blaming during the COVID-19 pandemic: A Canadian American study","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal of Intercultural Relations","topic":"Geochemistry and Geologic Mapping","field":"Computer Science","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Guelph","funders":"University of Guelph","keywords":"Blame; Worry; Residence; Immigration; Xenophobia; Identity (music); Public health","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0004137977,0.00009595676,0.0001211607,0.0002217279,0.0002764751,0.0001929485,0.001368657,0.00002838159,0.00004475149],"category_scores_gemma":[0.001140943,0.00005990801,0.0001176929,0.0003379353,0.00007528454,0.00029522,0.00015366,0.0003458442,0.000009013823],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0005338543,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0003338869,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.01444119,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.02798737,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9989293,0.00009291779,0.0004131142,0.0001383139,0.00027345,0.0001528929],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9986316,0.000210028,0.0002742608,0.0001640491,0.0005841409,0.0001359313],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001146362,0.0003316378,0.8593029,0.0000167763,0.001922622,0.000822599,0.0546292,0.01894183,0.005813004,0.02909011,0.009060416,0.01995421],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.002584804,0.0002434119,0.6549258,0.0002368114,0.0001088237,0.004442226,0.03680706,0.009053446,0.0003780793,0.009692465,0.2809909,0.0005361949],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.8936791,0.000090874,0.0228424,0.07654387,0.001019171,0.000149181,0.000005159915,0.00003530837,0.005634925],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9951009,0.00001164256,0.0004697409,0.001186009,0.00007714865,0.000005254945,0.000001392873,0.000001107136,0.003146851],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.2719305,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9921217,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.0195983848908357,"score_gpt":0.3018173855921389,"score_spread":0.2822190007013032,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}