{"id":"W7083316682","doi":"10.1029/2024wr038957","title":"Water Storage and Release in Permafrost Catchments: Insights From Hydrometrics, End‐Member Mixing, and Water Age Characterization","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Water Resources Research","topic":"Image Processing and 3D Reconstruction","field":"Computer Science","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"McMaster University","funders":"Global Water Futures; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Permafrost; Snowmelt; Water storage; Surface runoff; Hydrology (agriculture); Snow; Soil water; Evapotranspiration; Tundra","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002689517,0.0001298738,0.0002104117,0.0008864474,0.0005226907,0.0005050361,0.0003083701,0.0001867692,0.0004350189],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0005519183,0.0001048417,0.0002080999,0.0009326902,0.0003641463,0.0003026385,0.0003467936,0.00009365111,0.00004235036],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.001321129,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0006030851,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.2628188,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.3517134,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9999295,0.000009815652,0.000004889986,0.0000183524,0.00001493128,0.0000225477],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997589,0.00005712551,0.00005492229,0.0000189095,0.00006274566,0.00004747398],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00009525371,0.00002627486,0.9853802,0.000008895033,0.00002912683,0.00008522387,0.0004328473,0.004096467,0.004715327,0.0001219444,0.00007842958,0.004929918],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000002601574,0.000009331277,0.9864941,0.000001447297,0.000004952865,0.00001749017,0.0002591462,0.01267169,0.0004002512,0.00004718687,0.00008656568,0.000005241185],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9996492,0.000007476803,0.0001128072,0.000004451992,1.266167e-7,0.000002066928,0.0001144029,0.000004324593,0.000105113],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9996722,0.00000468487,0.0001215176,0.000001432815,3.731915e-7,0.000001797516,0.0001589921,0.000001559369,0.00003743886],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.2628188,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5225781,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.02142572397251369,"score_gpt":0.2805085467941356,"score_spread":0.2590828228216219,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}