{"id":"W7083446968","doi":"10.2196/77295","title":"Cough Audio Recognition for Early Detection of Respiratory Diseases: Algorithm Development and Validation Study","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"JMIR Medical Informatics","topic":"Diagnosis and treatment of tuberculosis","field":"Medicine","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Audio visual; Respiratory sounds; Auscultation; Key (lock)","routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":true,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":true},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002536889,0.00009772953,0.0002286409,0.0001451166,0.00006917891,0.00001784431,0.00003649542,0.00008994555,0.00001797732],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001819499,0.00007832397,0.0000450323,0.0001486934,0.00004264443,0.0001495163,0.00003017748,0.00007495817,0.000005713007],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00005544939,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001509171,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00000610883,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000004119484,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9988704,0.00001824162,0.0005257969,0.0000794744,0.0003991556,0.0001069462],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993602,0.0001351196,0.0001230052,0.0001091439,0.0001517278,0.0001208196],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00009966839,0.001340538,0.0387969,0.0006095541,0.0002826334,0.000002797757,0.002206305,1.680319e-7,0.000006922353,0.00001020177,0.00063714,0.9560072],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.01651381,0.004161325,0.9287492,0.0018692,0.00141296,0.000008030201,0.006728151,0.003138171,0.02271303,0.0003374328,0.01400852,0.0003601448],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9931948,0.00006576006,0.004729348,0.0001168199,0.000106502,0.00138195,0.00001683667,0.00003649514,0.0003515503],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9944043,0.00002963091,0.004123562,0.0005348942,0.00004459087,0.0007162034,0.00008275275,0.000007325052,0.00005675646],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.9556471,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3193959,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.02551476514816049,"score_gpt":0.3221580138203986,"score_spread":0.2966432486722381,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}