{"id":"W7083596822","doi":"10.1016/j.resourpol.2025.105745","title":"Exploring mining extraction dynamics in Africa: A Hotelling model perspective with non-linear costs","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Resources Policy","topic":"Diverse Scientific and Economic Studies","field":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"ca_institutions":"Université de Moncton","funders":"","keywords":"Resource (disambiguation); Profit (economics); Resource depletion; Natural resource; Extraction (chemistry); Resource allocation; Key (lock)","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000310989,0.0001427486,0.0003074728,0.0008456402,0.0001526121,0.00007622128,0.0001620656,0.00004930201,0.00003296855],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00008568845,0.0001598432,0.00006056352,0.0006398626,0.00007999809,0.0003230084,0.00008117731,0.0001368172,0.0002429981],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.001441619,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00003787021,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.002312836,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0002995736,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9988375,0.000006067944,0.0003239845,0.0004466447,0.00002923545,0.0003565708],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995167,0.00004965547,0.0001523009,0.0002062306,0.00002826037,0.0000468275],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000218863,0.0002438039,0.04207025,0.00007782174,0.0002891767,0.00001772112,0.06067897,0.1641257,0.00001249243,0.7272363,0.002614685,0.00241419],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000921257,0.00003708688,0.003272478,0.0001136405,0.00001154224,0.000001881026,0.04092112,0.9358656,0.00002543635,0.004081702,0.01437912,0.0003691457],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.4785784,0.0003369214,0.002755193,0.0004073898,0.0001637237,0.0001202081,0.00005657157,0.00002952939,0.5175521],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.967741,0.0002854019,0.0009726682,0.00006681815,0.00009221062,0.00003874194,0.000002548699,0.00001552134,0.0307851],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.7717399,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.6518217,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.1009553674282615,"score_gpt":0.2656709015953461,"score_spread":0.1647155341670847,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}