{"id":"W7084076441","doi":"10.64628/aam.g47d7eatx","title":"Canadian immigrants are overqualified and underemployed — reforms must address this","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"Public Health and Environmental Issues","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"ca_institutions":"Toronto Metropolitan University","funders":"","keywords":"Immigration; Government (linguistics); Work (physics); Public policy","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.003839754,0.0003272731,0.0005410095,0.00183167,0.02117508,0.00855484,0.002043419,0.00392924,0.02383987],"category_scores_gemma":[0.007464013,0.0002638353,0.0008280278,0.00324232,0.004641249,0.003076446,0.004578315,0.006679879,0.001446335],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.04697926,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.2314207,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.9812307,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.9952757,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9942386,0.000373736,0.0001583497,0.0001972736,0.001356855,0.003675192],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9799941,0.0007976017,0.001023378,0.0002136109,0.005921807,0.01204956],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001072023,0.0001837902,0.09923584,0.0003833151,0.00008822396,0.001309199,0.01717171,0.0002519941,0.0005078274,0.06945878,0.7106189,0.1006833],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00005934587,0.00005758498,0.1471758,0.001170018,0.00008239453,0.0003440398,0.1471171,0.0002462365,0.0002177319,0.009599433,0.6937919,0.0001384977],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":"not_applicable","genre_codex":"commentary","genre_gemma":"commentary","genre_scores_codex":[0.05741153,0.003932591,0.0003479102,0.8765659,0.004386052,0.00006950367,0.001064685,0.00004857073,0.0561733],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.5213133,0.01522819,0.001903025,0.3872564,0.002350204,0.0001173974,0.001151077,0.0001050398,0.0705754],"genre_candidate":"commentary","genre_consensus":"commentary","teacher_disagreement_score":0.04697926,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.34086,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.01258996888480461,"score_gpt":0.2543580882929594,"score_spread":0.2417681194081547,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}