{"id":"W7084154944","doi":"10.3390/biophysica5030037","title":"Exploring Therapeutic Dynamics: Mathematical Modeling and Analysis of Type 2 Diabetes Incorporating Metformin Dynamics","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Biophysica","topic":"Prenatal Screening and Diagnostics","field":"Medicine","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Windsor","funders":"","keywords":"Metformin; Glycemic; Robustness (evolution); Adaptability; Flexibility (engineering); Residual; Type 2 diabetes; Stability (learning theory)","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001064619,0.0001061051,0.0003916293,0.0002189892,0.00004294721,0.00001363282,0.000058788,0.00004138894,0.000004837928],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001720025,0.00008857816,0.00008793641,0.0008292057,0.0000552505,0.00007679168,0.00007235245,0.00009390531,0.000003238032],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0000489557,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00003107226,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00002919333,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000006925261,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9993436,0.00001482479,0.0002267969,0.0001598816,0.0001223711,0.0001324695],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993767,0.0002212962,0.00006182037,0.0002113079,0.0000791164,0.00004973558],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0004293016,0.001041301,0.08842055,0.001995719,0.009340027,0.00002579404,0.0007768445,0.01158775,0.01406637,0.4252877,0.00001081286,0.4470178],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001699188,0.00009703176,0.00283148,0.0001954613,0.001607885,3.262145e-7,0.000189729,0.9902508,0.0009565092,0.003623031,0.000001100467,0.00007667938],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.977694,0.0002517317,0.0200659,0.0001170035,0.00002697684,0.00009684382,0.00001758211,0.00004322733,0.001686675],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9953249,0.0000407071,0.004425985,0.00003797847,0.00001710849,0.000009930477,0.00007560836,0.000009244563,0.00005860518],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.9786631,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3612112,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.04887251959034763,"score_gpt":0.2821264367814773,"score_spread":0.2332539171911296,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}