{"id":"W7086646392","doi":"","title":"Wind and solar energy curtailment: A review of international experience","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"RePEc: Research Papers in Economics","topic":"Electric Power System Optimization","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"Hydro-Québec","funders":"","keywords":"Renewable energy; Wind power; Variable renewable energy; Solar energy; Photovoltaic system; Intermittent energy source; Grid parity; Energy development","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003891535,0.00006768886,0.0001384149,0.0001417521,0.00001599906,0.00001057711,0.0001665218,0.00004184911,0.00007068891],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002141936,0.00005853453,0.00002078801,0.00008571447,0.00005609563,0.0001477538,0.00005120014,0.00006306214,0.000001559725],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002079749,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00003216095,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00000613183,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000006631521,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9992197,0.0000394573,0.0002800604,0.000157236,0.0001106245,0.0001929232],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995415,0.0001421695,0.00003411527,0.0001869455,0.00004563364,0.0000496076],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00002220929,0.00004607893,0.009194219,0.0008625721,0.00008565624,0.000009587169,0.0004644893,0.001631832,0.006514862,0.001704811,0.0002818824,0.9791818],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.004124709,0.0003969772,0.008319637,0.0274782,0.00001916355,0.0001390569,0.0005735842,0.1567354,0.04071662,0.0006259452,0.7593387,0.001532045],"study_design_candidate":"design_other","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.4361737,0.06008939,0.005628522,0.001946651,0.002040436,0.001740187,0.0000828158,0.0003138882,0.4919844],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.7485135,0.2508117,0.0002149433,0.00002443898,0.00002794602,0.00003066777,0.000002564634,0.00001561683,0.0003586849],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.9776497,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.2386969,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.01140124173578685,"score_gpt":0.2631925136161758,"score_spread":0.251791271880389,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}