{"id":"W7086646392","doi":"","title":"Wind and solar energy curtailment: A review of international experience","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"RePEc: Research Papers in Economics","topic":"Electric Power System Optimization","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"Hydro-Québec","funders":"","keywords":"Renewable energy; Wind power; Variable renewable energy; Solar energy; Photovoltaic system; Intermittent energy source; Grid parity; Energy development","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001687123,0.0007587937,0.001192352,0.003210868,0.0002478044,0.001774368,0.0006520067,0.0008916754,0.001610512],"category_scores_gemma":[0.002956462,0.0003608764,0.0005336379,0.009271048,0.0006894985,0.002254126,0.0005286459,0.001008382,0.0005677117],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0008253999,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.001277734,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.002351695,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.004200903,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9993311,0.0001318516,0.0001513876,0.0001288593,0.0002079563,0.00004874085],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9965795,0.001950427,0.0005817069,0.00006592656,0.0006922326,0.0001302474],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001250867,0.0000957974,0.003406171,0.01912032,0.0001614611,0.0002151107,0.0006330273,0.002533375,0.0007739965,0.005106635,0.0260819,0.9417471],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000181505,0.0003008937,0.02089103,0.01751516,0.0003455008,0.001206059,0.001625436,0.0005869039,0.001030861,0.002077279,0.9543365,0.00006616713],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","genre_scores_codex":[0.001595889,0.9940382,0.0003388879,0.0007400832,0.0001612542,0.000003543586,0.00003393235,0.000007616653,0.00308056],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.00637642,0.9926091,0.0002186633,0.0002299177,0.0001772765,0.000003042439,0.00003498509,0.000006496289,0.0003440067],"genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","teacher_disagreement_score":0.003210868,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.008922458,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.01140124173578685,"score_gpt":0.2631925136161758,"score_spread":0.251791271880389,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}