{"id":"W7093344404","doi":"10.1109/ticps.2025.3624189","title":"DCSM: A Distributed and Collaborative Security Monitoring Module to Detect Cyber-Attacks in the EV Ecosystem","year":2025,"lang":"","type":"article","venue":"IEEE Transactions on Industrial Cyber-Physical Systems","topic":"Electric Vehicles and Infrastructure","field":"Engineering","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"Hydro-Québec; Concordia University","funders":"","keywords":"Anomaly detection; Limiting; Component (thermodynamics); Citizen science; Ecosystem; Public security","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","research_integrity"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0006714327,0.0008881497,0.001294847,0.0004745199,0.000663345,0.0006695582,0.0006305948,0.0009330694,0.00001030104],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00005387416,0.00075855,0.0002819677,0.004768282,0.00008404066,0.0003592564,0.000008340609,0.002883762,0.00003101367],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.001175273,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0002815546,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001216928,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0003205314,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9950796,0.0009275814,0.001212032,0.0009651632,0.0007430175,0.00107263],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9974614,0.0009917328,0.0001916287,0.0007728449,0.0002319787,0.0003503785],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.001048955,0.0007660364,0.0004309352,0.0007337847,0.001464856,0.00008440203,0.00795389,0.911954,0.009999333,0.001154286,0.003604376,0.06080515],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0311902,0.008095059,0.004920951,0.01782705,0.003447831,0.00021504,0.03021279,0.5287989,0.3111072,0.002454845,0.05301172,0.008718392],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9347149,0.0005911498,0.05029115,0.0006237739,0.006711765,0.004258578,0.001893004,0.0002108636,0.0007048503],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9974216,0.00007409367,0.00002119723,0.00002776478,0.001601884,0.000683036,0.000008957979,0.00006859037,0.00009293816],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.3831551,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9994866,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.01288448330106354,"score_gpt":0.2473723064044824,"score_spread":0.2344878231034188,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}