{"id":"W7093831756","doi":"","title":"High-Voltage DC Surge Protectors for Solar Photovoltaic Installations – US and Canada Report","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"other","venue":"","topic":"HVDC Systems and Fault Protection","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Photovoltaic system; Surge; Solar energy; Rooftop photovoltaic power station; Solar cable","routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":true},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000751253,0.0007291166,0.000193053,0.002204511,0.002022256,0.001275728,0.001228379,0.000625392,0.01798957],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0007270011,0.0003336243,0.0004043354,0.002930579,0.0003190487,0.0005670278,0.0002992021,0.0006087863,0.002250645],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.02124139,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.06037848,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.9863265,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.994251,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9980805,0.00003714241,0.00002908782,0.00007074601,0.001527268,0.0002554145],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9964888,0.00006247986,0.00005900329,0.00003943804,0.003180298,0.0001700111],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0004903163,0.0005079354,0.02500998,0.000688015,0.0001119589,0.0003415691,0.0002732279,0.01155688,0.009327744,0.003934975,0.7937367,0.1540207],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001226235,0.0001844338,0.1888318,0.0002126952,0.0001543018,0.0001582549,0.001367797,0.006436292,0.02289233,0.0007964208,0.7787592,0.00008376038],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":"not_applicable","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"other","genre_scores_codex":[0.0989053,0.006686745,0.008123458,0.00487787,0.0008110512,0.001244557,0.1333506,0.00156799,0.7444325],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.2608902,0.006794559,0.00859508,0.0005978331,0.00007158337,0.0001142218,0.07377454,0.0002297948,0.6489322],"genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":"other","teacher_disagreement_score":0.02124139,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.1541178,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.00474166446272595,"score_gpt":0.1880920557383418,"score_spread":0.1833503912756158,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}