{"id":"W7096707560","doi":"","title":"1 CEO MANIPULATION OF STOCK-OPTION GRANTS: EVIDENCE FROM CANADIAN PUBLIC FIRMS","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"Corporate Finance and Governance","field":"Business, Management and Accounting","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Stock (firearms); Stock options; Non-qualified stock option; Sample (material); Executive compensation; Large sample","routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":true},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.002876851,0.0003688743,0.0003690029,0.004459182,0.004551864,0.002879521,0.001369163,0.001038118,0.003975792],"category_scores_gemma":[0.02127668,0.0002843753,0.0002397822,0.007523616,0.002322064,0.0006349231,0.001283771,0.0007878434,0.0004327451],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.02421874,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.02774755,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.9749409,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.9890872,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9944497,0.0003471642,0.0002198734,0.0004674221,0.0032294,0.001286407],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9357905,0.007273514,0.03110866,0.002174186,0.01974064,0.003912508],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0002604197,0.0001837005,0.9642517,0.0001842718,0.00008893188,0.000368469,0.006281255,0.0002226464,0.0008967175,0.001356473,0.008967307,0.01693819],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00001803871,0.0000339324,0.9888798,0.00004668874,0.00004995646,0.0000647984,0.003606961,0.0001486514,0.0003440264,0.00008247205,0.006697271,0.00002735251],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9741505,0.001602295,0.0001408319,0.001413959,0.00002567468,0.00008741167,0.003388962,0.00001629991,0.01917396],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9950978,0.0007174655,0.00008855503,0.0003259036,0.00002772898,0.00001269907,0.001152224,0.000005266837,0.002572306],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.0250591,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.1757201,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.1078641579495918,"score_gpt":0.2398380713830414,"score_spread":0.1319739134334496,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}