{"id":"W7097004565","doi":"","title":"from the Canadian Tax Reform of 1988","year":2005,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"Economic and Fiscal Studies","field":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Population; Empirical research; Tax reform; Web site","routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":true},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.000151798,0.00006015732,0.0001733819,0.00003326503,0.000113258,0.00001827069,0.0001769039,0.0000454215,0.001908463],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00001411264,0.0000453547,0.0000579855,0.00004836436,0.0000570274,0.00007453003,0.00003091796,0.00006089783,0.001341657],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002295589,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001577732,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.7705474,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.8636181,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9994033,0.000001803524,0.0002956762,0.0001337923,0.000008362933,0.000157079],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996241,0.00002457847,0.00009808603,0.0001891203,0.000008120827,0.00005595701],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00000273205,0.00001468314,0.1265367,0.000001515824,0.0000729473,2.421933e-7,0.0006538315,0.00001136904,6.881151e-7,0.8347743,0.03326757,0.004663437],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001539144,0.00001032824,0.1580261,0.000001971109,0.000001987778,2.214577e-7,0.0003406465,0.0003336263,0.000036833,0.02493023,0.8160641,0.0001000997],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.1456089,0.001465228,0.00007413892,0.0167495,0.0001455378,0.00006366633,0.0003463163,0.000008799584,0.8355379],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9911875,0.0001002669,0.0003812018,0.001315838,0.0002353821,0.000004735507,0.000006217451,0.000005892294,0.006763012],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.8455786,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9994359,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.03311584101361974,"score_gpt":0.1879488491331677,"score_spread":0.1548330081195479,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}