{"id":"W7097889624","doi":"","title":"Practice of Epidemiology Immeasurable Time Bias in Observational Studies of Drug Effects on Mortality","year":2007,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"Advanced Causal Inference Techniques","field":"Mathematics","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Observational study; Epidemiology; Confidence interval; Cohort study; Medical prescription; Rate ratio; Drug; Cohort; Incidence (geometry)","routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":true},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":["metaresearch"],"consensus_categories":["metaresearch"],"category_scores_codex":[0.6208899,0.003068178,0.006606268,0.01782617,0.004013753,0.01299449,0.007951314,0.01093035,0.002814518],"category_scores_gemma":[0.802057,0.003327616,0.004314997,0.01643837,0.03026962,0.01043375,0.0107467,0.01851293,0.002139389],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.004017062,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.01231626,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.003881564,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.003765573,"domain_scores_codex":[0.2028877,0.70449,0.04486457,0.01803049,0.02852633,0.001200905],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.09355165,0.7581548,0.04049058,0.06929814,0.03647786,0.00202694],"domain_codex":"methods","domain_gemma":"methods","domain_candidate":"methods","domain_consensus":"methods","study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.001101242,0.0004012327,0.1007525,0.02214472,0.008941474,0.002617321,0.03235592,0.004917414,0.001694101,0.1911197,0.1613371,0.4726173],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001138957,0.000794146,0.03294373,0.03747837,0.002141022,0.006368039,0.009888163,0.01438885,0.00337725,0.5938854,0.2969227,0.0006735172],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"methods","genre_scores_codex":[0.01009211,0.0489023,0.7644671,0.1349007,0.02051366,0.004157739,0.001105752,0.001222673,0.01463788],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.1992851,0.02898505,0.6544757,0.0709199,0.02893898,0.01183834,0.0006763236,0.0006539749,0.004226503],"genre_candidate":"methods","genre_consensus":"methods","teacher_disagreement_score":0.3791101,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4675103,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.61656767343931,"score_gpt":0.5529522668860143,"score_spread":0.06361540655329567,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}