{"id":"W7098252455","doi":"","title":"TITLE: Language and Ethnicity: A Study of Bilingualism, Ethnic Identity, and Ethnic Attitudes","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"Diverse Scientific and Economic Studies","field":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Ethnic group; Census; Metropolitan area; Sample (material); Survey data collection; Causality (physics); Neuroscience of multilingualism; Social research","routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":true},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001614706,0.0002108782,0.0003499516,0.0006366161,0.003592986,0.002328302,0.0005693712,0.0005902894,0.00509755],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00474185,0.0002099708,0.0001728087,0.001160962,0.00114959,0.001048393,0.0009946139,0.0008862165,0.0008292893],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.002566248,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.004961172,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.1361946,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.2472779,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9994671,0.0002735878,0.00002751587,0.0000506354,0.00009140677,0.00008984678],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9958806,0.001518844,0.0009834078,0.00007468402,0.0005000202,0.001042353],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0002712508,0.001763051,0.8789237,0.0002182174,0.00006301638,0.0006639096,0.0974014,0.0001035269,0.0008389339,0.002358635,0.005517563,0.01187685],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00004012867,0.0003701012,0.902823,0.0001676437,0.00004832748,0.0002217068,0.0878542,0.0001850756,0.0001320029,0.000519722,0.007621739,0.00001631968],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9923379,0.0002877724,0.0000272789,0.001813779,0.00003320772,0.00002951686,0.0001327365,0.000001780914,0.005336012],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9910607,0.0008233683,0.00009936299,0.0007472813,0.00005705931,0.00009340923,0.0001547704,0.00000524079,0.006958927],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.1361946,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.2708037,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.2086371482590073,"score_gpt":0.3424246657705387,"score_spread":0.1337875175115315,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}