{"id":"W7101008451","doi":"","title":"THE EFFECT OF MARGINAL TAX RATES ON TAXABLE INCOME: A PANEL STUDY OF THE 1988 TAX FLA TTENING IN CANADA","year":2000,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"Taxation and Compliance Studies","field":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Taxable income; Empirical research; Panel data; Tax revenue; Empirical evidence","routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":true},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00111587,0.000343719,0.0007883884,0.00141692,0.003001816,0.00189725,0.001532262,0.0009984523,0.005481151],"category_scores_gemma":[0.003474996,0.0005620586,0.0006618148,0.005891929,0.0007109311,0.0006693383,0.0008434906,0.001675866,0.0007271376],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.04418655,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.03691893,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.9980275,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.9990053,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9991385,0.00008436615,0.00003872655,0.0001145395,0.0002198195,0.000403972],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9965985,0.0003557959,0.0005115736,0.0001553826,0.001599603,0.0007791221],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0006548248,0.0002715731,0.9650493,0.00005160395,0.0002302337,0.0002153927,0.00461053,0.002693902,0.0003253188,0.001486861,0.01270255,0.01170785],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00001727054,0.00002479978,0.9940028,0.00002354303,0.00004191919,0.0000176451,0.002129527,0.001018831,0.00006598009,0.00006829979,0.00256798,0.00002138472],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9876462,0.0003531623,0.00005863988,0.0006042154,0.000008870318,0.00002766161,0.009284869,0.00001048155,0.002006113],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9861719,0.0005280593,0.0001362305,0.0001148781,0.000005780585,0.00001968409,0.007299586,0.0000105769,0.005713365],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.04418655,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3205974,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.01940060466159817,"score_gpt":0.2093324419760747,"score_spread":0.1899318373144765,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}