{"id":"W7106333727","doi":"10.12688/f1000research.161622.2","title":"Bergen social media engagement and experiences scale (Be-SMEE): A short questionnaire covering important aspects of social media use among adolescents. Development and association with symptoms of depression and anxiety.","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"F1000Research","topic":"Impact of Technology on Adolescents","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"Norges Forskningsråd; EkstraStiftelsen Helse og Rehabilitering (Stiftelsen Dam)","keywords":"Social media; Association (psychology); Scale (ratio); Anxiety; Confirmatory factor analysis; Social anxiety; Depression (economics); Mental health","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[{"model":"gemma","categories":[],"domain":null,"study_design":"observational","genre":"empirical","about_ca_system":false,"about_ca_topic":false,"confidence":"low","status":"direct model label, unvalidated"},{"model":"gpt","categories":[],"domain":null,"study_design":"observational","genre":"empirical","about_ca_system":false,"about_ca_topic":false,"confidence":"low","status":"direct model label, unvalidated"}],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.002058624,0.000158785,0.0003346587,0.0002479766,0.0008469342,0.0001002148,0.000220118,0.000273987,0.00001391547],"category_scores_gemma":[0.001210365,0.0001466872,0.00002857911,0.0004444751,0.001081881,0.0003493492,0.0003421752,0.0003216381,1.711105e-7],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002845939,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0003955978,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0004900192,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.005272972,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9972346,0.0003433396,0.0003990415,0.0003542718,0.001214438,0.0004543535],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9991157,0.0002127668,0.00020228,0.00009915054,0.0002396353,0.0001304352],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00008329222,0.00009037196,0.9061421,0.00009495133,0.00005254412,0.000003064347,0.07745735,1.257581e-7,0.0005476841,0.00046298,0.000155376,0.0149102],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0005412196,0.00002884831,0.9665534,0.0003827597,0.00002758581,4.508723e-7,0.02491988,0.00001936188,0.00714028,0.0001134138,0.0001353613,0.0001374378],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9985163,0.0002696534,0.00002607059,0.0002678657,0.0001024003,0.0004249667,0.00001202586,0.00005502908,0.0003257421],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9993992,0.000234606,0.0001823823,0.00001624887,0.00004691601,0.00004237424,0.000006551002,0.00001273048,0.00005893572],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.06041133,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.6514018,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.02107239774148591,"score_gpt":0.3128281493234918,"score_spread":0.291755751582006,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}