{"id":"W7108094873","doi":"10.1007/s10040-025-02987-z","title":"A low-cost, 3D-printed dissolved CO2 probe for groundwater monitoring","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Hydrogeology Journal","topic":"CO2 Sequestration and Geologic Interactions","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"ca_institutions":"Carleton University","funders":"Carleton University","keywords":"Groundwater; Carbon dioxide; Dissolved organic carbon; Hydrogeology; Methane; Greenhouse gas; Water quality; Sampling (signal processing)","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002004287,0.0003890742,0.0003226991,0.0003259246,0.0001980048,0.000505078,0.00116208,0.001390445,0.002226613],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0004921,0.0003717275,0.0003081588,0.0002686162,0.0003042374,0.0005709605,0.0005866094,0.0005809264,0.0008606612],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0004721869,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0003616888,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0005739611,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001423761,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9996203,0.00002787565,0.00001149554,0.00009102235,0.0002197591,0.00002958182],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996979,0.0001040418,0.00005182097,0.00004282924,0.00007147379,0.00003193358],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00003867832,0.00002499407,0.0001773242,0.00006990407,0.000005140905,0.0001053747,0.00001883998,0.0003620367,0.9889931,0.0002278439,0.000625213,0.009351425],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000138523,0.00015411,0.001102549,0.000005084877,0.00001424863,0.0004256284,0.00003372498,0.009282049,0.9786084,0.0001419365,0.01018289,0.00003542547],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"methods","genre_scores_codex":[0.5330386,0.002376656,0.4388579,0.002072329,0.001313799,0.0002581341,0.001727136,0.004901883,0.0154536],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.7450539,0.0007124047,0.2357175,0.0009317085,0.0001144315,0.0002536293,0.0004894338,0.0001850168,0.01654205],"genre_candidate":"methods","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.002226613,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.007448792,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.01640736305302982,"score_gpt":0.2893493911451647,"score_spread":0.2729420280921349,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}