{"id":"W7114242763","doi":"","title":"GW250114: Testing Hawking’s area law and the Kerr nature of black holes","year":2025,"lang":"","type":"article","venue":"Strathprints: The University of Strathclyde institutional repository (University of Strathclyde)","topic":"Pulsars and Gravitational Waves Research","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"European Social Fund; Japan Society for the Promotion of Science; Schweizerischer Nationalfonds zur Förderung der Wissenschaftlichen Forschung; Science and Technology Facilities Council; National Science and Technology Council; European Regional Development Fund; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique; ICTP South American Institute for Fundamental Research; Ministry of Science and ICT, South Korea; Nemzeti Kutatási Fejlesztési és Innovációs Hivatal; National Research Foundation; Vlaamse regering; National Astronomical Observatory of Japan; Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Ministry of Education, India; Agencia Estatal de Investigación; Great Southern Development Commission, Government of Western Australia; Israel Science Foundation; Scottish Universities Physics Alliance; National Natural Science Foundation of China; National Research Foundation of Korea; Division of Human Resource Development; Korea Astronomy and Space Science Institute; Hungarian Scientific Research Fund; Generalitat de Catalunya; Generalitat Valenciana; Fonds Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek; Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare; U.S. Department of Energy; National Research, Development and Innovation Office; Korea Institute of Science and Technology Information; Nederlandse Organisatie voor Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek; Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, University of Tokyo; Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, India; Fundacja na rzecz Nauki Polskiej; Academia Sinica; Abdus Salam International Centre for Theoretical Physics; Leverhulme Trust; European Commission; Russian Science Foundation; Scottish Funding Council; Narodowa Agencja Wymiany Akademickiej; Centres de Recerca de Catalunya; Institut des Origines de Lyon; Fonds De La Recherche Scientifique - FNRS; Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades; Science and Engineering Research Board; National Science Foundation","keywords":"Black hole (networking); Binary black hole; Spins; Rotating black hole; Spin-flip; LIGO; Detector; Coalescence (physics)","routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":true},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","sts"],"consensus_categories":["sts"],"category_scores_codex":[0.0008464639,0.0005013338,0.0008954043,0.0002332494,0.002799288,0.00009659477,0.001735961,0.0004470042,0.00009002962],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001031157,0.0004719406,0.0006222939,0.0008924041,0.02147072,0.0006600237,0.0007242222,0.00149304,0.000006622683],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001509425,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.002551695,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.002763924,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0001831263,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9966448,0.0004465612,0.0006360685,0.0007720187,0.0009831757,0.0005173754],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9954388,0.001031444,0.001192306,0.0007944101,0.001309291,0.000233755],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.001343557,0.0005603542,0.002474722,0.0004659761,0.001309468,0.00007849547,0.00235757,0.002866153,0.01199749,0.9756544,0.0002426689,0.0006491363],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.02677363,0.00158138,0.2990121,0.007108645,0.004638031,0.0001281077,0.2992517,0.02067443,0.009000477,0.3163543,0.01271624,0.002760882],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.8363255,0.001597097,0.002933172,0.002325073,0.0003704059,0.001219373,0.001672961,0.00001992912,0.1535365],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9933569,0.0002264211,0.0009784636,0.00003901615,0.00008136046,2.534962e-7,0.00006415921,0.00001192061,0.005241447],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.6593001,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9997732,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.01139737461442868,"score_gpt":0.2371936128081241,"score_spread":0.2257962381936954,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). 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