{"id":"W7114820997","doi":"","title":"Beyond Revenue and Welfare: Counterfactual Analysis of Spectrum Auctions with Application to Canada's 3800MHz Allocation","year":2025,"lang":"","type":"article","venue":"ArXiv.org","topic":"Auction Theory and Applications","field":"Decision Sciences","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Counterfactual thinking; Common value auction; Bidding; Spectrum auction; Key (lock); Revenue; Mechanism design; Population","routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":true},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.01988795,0.0009756976,0.001366642,0.001534518,0.001235085,0.003214736,0.003279678,0.001525357,0.003679211],"category_scores_gemma":[0.05138157,0.000531553,0.001725307,0.001787381,0.003129699,0.002029831,0.001399242,0.002741008,0.0001378695],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.01544521,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0101617,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.323967,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.2193942,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9949958,0.003477289,0.0001143369,0.0003943361,0.0005070562,0.0005110871],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9424204,0.04750836,0.003173144,0.003150075,0.003183783,0.0005642261],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0002909966,0.000283499,0.007980108,0.00009242047,0.0001380327,0.0001345888,0.0001882284,0.8474554,0.000162708,0.1361488,0.001444655,0.005680678],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00007991788,0.00005366487,0.001621634,0.00001358698,0.00004004823,0.00001434004,0.00008827899,0.9796976,0.0001164999,0.01764271,0.0006111069,0.00002059052],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.7990338,0.001109362,0.1678171,0.002583272,0.0001544446,0.0009018719,0.002010163,0.0002519437,0.02613804],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9796721,0.0002013335,0.01739348,0.0001229444,0.00002227009,0.0002028277,0.000416604,0.00002405378,0.001944347],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.676033,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.6441625,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.01605756019027929,"score_gpt":0.2961666839326465,"score_spread":0.2801091237423672,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}