{"id":"W7114904729","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.5705543","title":"Pitching into a New \"ERA\" with DIPS: A Critical Analysis of Bradbury (2007)","year":2025,"lang":"","type":"preprint","venue":"SSRN Electronic Journal","topic":"Sports Analytics and Performance","field":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"","keywords":"Salary; League; Revenue; Product (mathematics); Marginal revenue; Power (physics); Time series","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","research_integrity","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00496748,0.0008635159,0.003049338,0.003571735,0.0005489227,0.0004559087,0.00141576,0.0006363824,0.001482332],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002962227,0.0008983634,0.001603042,0.002698483,0.0002605737,0.0004694498,0.0004291423,0.00851051,0.00003522793],"about_ca_system_candidate":true,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00263722,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.01082452,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.007459306,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.006545197,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9910508,0.00005750866,0.003231861,0.001344567,0.0003228582,0.003992399],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.995185,0.0002258808,0.002502379,0.001202924,0.000398143,0.0004856439],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000431887,0.00045242,0.1404242,0.0003242872,0.02251054,0.00002069325,0.001715015,0.04964244,0.000001542151,0.7650719,0.0001797751,0.01922523],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.002412904,0.001545312,0.02683843,0.001114584,0.009490458,0.0001806618,0.002113814,0.2134642,0.00001053038,0.7179382,0.02248949,0.002401398],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.2563303,0.1000516,0.626681,0.00451533,0.002589837,0.0005836686,0.0002674269,0.00003905798,0.00894178],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.8977957,0.09168874,0.00121364,0.0002748242,0.0006758836,0.00000921092,0.00005160522,0.00006048608,0.008229894],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.6414654,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9994305,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.01154891638885225,"score_gpt":0.251818208617376,"score_spread":0.2402692922285238,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}