{"id":"W7115698327","doi":"10.1007/978-3-032-06918-4_148-1","title":"Misinformation","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"book-chapter","venue":"","topic":"Misinformation and Its Impacts","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"McGill University","funders":"","keywords":"Misinformation; Disinformation; Politics; False accusation; Victory; Democracy; Presidential system","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00329957,0.001242662,0.0006217969,0.004956524,0.002914175,0.01167812,0.001349023,0.004771804,0.02673744],"category_scores_gemma":[0.01329803,0.0004443978,0.000694948,0.003373421,0.008879698,0.01496839,0.004704066,0.004654999,0.01369367],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.004114002,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.003381007,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001659764,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001996579,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9957803,0.001553455,0.0002596893,0.0004553309,0.001698545,0.0002526189],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9897102,0.006096845,0.0008333141,0.001568169,0.001528522,0.0002630352],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00002810394,0.00001727772,0.0004142152,0.0004892272,0.00002088101,0.0002316794,0.003856849,0.0003143884,0.0002212307,0.8095561,0.08665411,0.09819591],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000004973128,0.00001740528,0.0003028704,0.00105628,0.00001840801,0.0007320287,0.001251555,0.0002256129,0.0005524881,0.1444223,0.8513963,0.00001980593],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.004674615,0.06817189,0.01581207,0.0333358,0.005694576,0.00008605034,0.0004503739,0.0002463101,0.8715283],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.2593541,0.1264154,0.01195491,0.03871429,0.009712597,0.0001944095,0.0009839244,0.0004371575,0.552233],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.02673744,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.08944571,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.02811407282179818,"score_gpt":0.3097582324113066,"score_spread":0.2816441595895084,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}