{"id":"W7115808879","doi":"","title":"DRIVERS OF ISOTOPIC AND GEOCHEMICAL VARIABILITY IN SUBARCTIC PERMAFROST WATERSHEDS","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"dissertation","venue":"MacSphere (McMaster University)","topic":"Climate change and permafrost","field":"Earth and Planetary Sciences","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Permafrost; Subarctic climate; Surface runoff; Lithology; Hydrology (agriculture); Storm; Groundwater; Dominance (genetics)","routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":true},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002528064,0.0001083621,0.0001846886,0.0007823291,0.0003512594,0.0005045963,0.0002211288,0.0001992407,0.0005067835],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000475267,0.0001180965,0.0001521048,0.001532758,0.000353371,0.0002601654,0.0004105696,0.0001299085,0.00005789373],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0008364334,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0005833413,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.08390604,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.1630992,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9998891,0.00001657729,0.000009140417,0.00003773748,0.00001535554,0.00003194472],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997138,0.00005591629,0.00009850437,0.00002165449,0.00005761209,0.00005246341],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00002223819,0.00001083202,0.9961223,0.000005420041,0.00001535819,0.0000511131,0.0002337513,0.0001214426,0.001634978,0.00002341985,0.00004077334,0.001718446],"study_design_scores_gemma":[4.665121e-7,0.000002207792,0.9996359,6.634604e-7,0.000001759648,0.000009040025,0.0001605875,0.0001114357,0.00003094805,0.000006196945,0.00004003631,7.456975e-7],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9997157,0.00001919681,0.0000182354,0.000008952794,3.482436e-7,0.000001200706,0.0001257662,0.00000248759,0.0001081474],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9995725,0.00002357887,0.00004389827,0.000005780411,9.240503e-7,0.000002772155,0.0002919606,0.000001450926,0.00005703076],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.08390604,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.1668353,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.01369809176791014,"score_gpt":0.1997949055135667,"score_spread":0.1860968137456566,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}