{"id":"W7116756909","doi":"10.1002/2688-8319.70171","title":"Comparison of drone and ground surveys for the detection of a rare plant in a fragile ecosystem","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecological Solutions and Evidence","topic":"Remote Sensing and LiDAR Applications","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"Carleton University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Drone; Aerial survey; Ground truth; Vegetation (pathology); RGB color model; Data processing; Ecosystem","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001360052,0.0003262404,0.0003851055,0.001828543,0.0002616499,0.0006392359,0.0004430056,0.00040404,0.0006875582],"category_scores_gemma":[0.004149691,0.0001968302,0.0003101184,0.0005173321,0.0001925013,0.0008078984,0.0004186991,0.0002459231,0.0002808422],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0005721347,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0002644463,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00653771,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.02442271,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9990263,0.0003413095,0.00005281071,0.0002189893,0.000278815,0.00008182153],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9938303,0.003187214,0.001227431,0.0002938595,0.001154817,0.0003064785],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.001208271,0.000206059,0.8525339,0.0002224723,0.0002726396,0.0001784255,0.0003455914,0.009841625,0.02552746,0.0001542475,0.0005468502,0.1089625],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00002690116,0.001181881,0.8577952,0.00006866059,0.0001538064,0.0004870467,0.0006482391,0.1258564,0.01263889,0.0001874015,0.0009072265,0.00004830995],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9955367,0.0001868467,0.003427276,0.00002974583,0.000008507478,0.0000241735,0.0001592309,0.00007941978,0.0005480796],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9900321,0.00009547376,0.009345229,0.00002616273,0.000006018994,0.00001716176,0.0002175655,0.000009119466,0.0002512804],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.00653771,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0129993,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.05313352435822798,"score_gpt":0.300529006727781,"score_spread":0.247395482369553,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}