{"id":"W7117130275","doi":"10.1021/acs.est.5c16333","title":"Escaping the Reductionistic Trap: A Systems-Based Approach to Environmental Risk Assessment","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Environmental Science & Technology","topic":"Risk Perception and Management","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"ca_institutions":"Musée de la Civilisation","funders":"HORIZON EUROPE Framework Programme; European Commission","keywords":"Reductionism; Risk assessment; Environmental risk assessment; Environmental impact assessment; Variety (cybernetics)","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["sts"],"consensus_categories":["sts"],"category_scores_codex":[0.001712235,0.000161463,0.0001540725,0.000572864,0.003147686,0.0002288426,0.0011767,0.0001119347,0.0001561052],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00005965233,0.0001333102,0.00005937747,0.001333476,0.004023852,0.0001870822,0.000325913,0.0002821177,0.0001485491],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.001657266,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001345261,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0002908228,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00002699087,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9975987,0.0001811799,0.0002544931,0.0006356068,0.00076123,0.0005687597],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992148,0.00003592892,0.0001045983,0.0005223327,0.000004488581,0.0001178858],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00006068079,0.00342433,0.06888778,0.00004160415,0.0001466107,0.00001178343,0.01431184,0.04993735,0.1050822,0.4294878,0.008625104,0.319983],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0007767474,0.0002105971,0.1252649,0.00004304343,0.0001158682,0.000005566112,0.1422535,0.01024692,0.000924236,0.002578863,0.7169234,0.0006563704],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.7309966,0.0004112238,0.1225881,0.01769486,0.001769744,0.003551468,0.00003588636,0.0005826754,0.1223694],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.994613,0.0001911181,0.001987818,0.0004370646,0.00004592499,0.0003079337,0.000003696928,0.000007730179,0.002405711],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.7082983,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9986866,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.009053572332686137,"score_gpt":0.2827761759069085,"score_spread":0.2737226035742223,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}