{"id":"W7117294229","doi":"10.1109/tpwrd.2025.3648375","title":"Data and Model Hybrid Driven Non-Intrusive Wideband Impedance Measurement for LCC-HVDC Systems","year":2025,"lang":"","type":"article","venue":"IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery","topic":"HVDC Systems and Fault Protection","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"RTDS Technologies (Canada)","funders":"","keywords":"Wideband; Electrical impedance; Harmonic; Grid; Electric power system; Harmonic analysis; Benchmark (surveying); System of measurement","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0007900409,0.0006568476,0.0007598635,0.0004540778,0.0007885781,0.0004041167,0.0005273794,0.0003274408,0.00001645217],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00002044733,0.0007283178,0.0002190884,0.0003363675,0.0001182856,0.000751869,0.00001221566,0.000598167,0.00002858278],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0006618168,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0003572758,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0003756765,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0002145924,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9965718,0.00008959668,0.001007521,0.001155023,0.0004959125,0.0006801231],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9975184,0.0001599592,0.0001692241,0.001417268,0.0005150489,0.0002201412],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0004731248,0.0002641401,0.000003815283,0.001837189,0.001407255,0.00001083281,0.0007570537,0.947279,0.02537888,0.00005953166,0.005799592,0.01672956],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.002161188,0.0002410139,0.000008134921,0.001683272,0.0005333974,0.00002730326,0.0003971808,0.9758506,0.01041863,0.00005074682,0.007984009,0.0006444986],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.01913227,0.003809242,0.9632031,0.0001356272,0.007109072,0.003124122,0.002864398,0.0001905246,0.0004316823],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9960066,0.001257268,0.0009257593,0.00007676504,0.0001119839,0.0005879454,0.00001812507,0.0001009256,0.000914647],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.9768743,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9995168,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.02718613893497593,"score_gpt":0.249634614214022,"score_spread":0.2224484752790461,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}