{"id":"W7117313303","doi":"10.1016/j.scitotenv.2025.181263","title":"Nutrient leaching dynamics of bioretention systems: The impacts of design parameters and their interactions","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Science of The Total Environment","topic":"Urban Stormwater Management Solutions","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"ca_institutions":"Mount Royal University; University of Victoria; University of Calgary","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Bioretention; Leaching (pedology); Nutrient; Phosphorus; Nitrogen; Nitrate","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0008432688,0.0002669781,0.0004300497,0.0003073303,0.0003671338,0.001387589,0.0003685507,0.0004289428,0.0008472985],"category_scores_gemma":[0.002019494,0.0001917592,0.0003200046,0.0003081271,0.0003406832,0.001021,0.0005213062,0.0002820964,0.0001790969],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.001074418,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0006787427,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0043908,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.006313216,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9996686,0.00007697217,0.0000370136,0.00006099752,0.0000782928,0.00007814466],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999017,0.0005947483,0.0001355059,0.00003224944,0.0001824711,0.00003798116],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.002617053,0.000704161,0.0409681,0.0004563912,0.0001068441,0.0003257236,0.0004304638,0.1357849,0.7675536,0.001322077,0.000535676,0.04919503],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00008135211,0.001831422,0.03010133,0.00003932404,0.0001298623,0.0002269145,0.001105592,0.283136,0.679425,0.001448761,0.002392453,0.00008207458],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.996505,0.0002710647,0.002133527,0.00006427676,0.000007038819,0.00001495146,0.00009129733,0.00001993217,0.0008927962],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.998666,0.0001819588,0.0006357082,0.00001453497,0.000001429378,0.00001415648,0.00005167021,0.000008109543,0.0004263284],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.0043908,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.008730471,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.01272368880115806,"score_gpt":0.2097497140680706,"score_spread":0.1970260252669125,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}