{"id":"W7117320388","doi":"10.1029/2025ja034234","title":"A Long‐Term Study of the Variability of Polar Cap Patches Using Advanced Modular Incoherent Scatter Radars (AMISRs)","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Geophysical Research Space Physics","topic":"Ionosphere and magnetosphere dynamics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"Natural Resources Canada","funders":"Office of Naval Research; Nuclear Safety and Security Commission; National Aeronautics and Space Administration; National Science Foundation","keywords":"Earth's magnetic field; Incoherent scatter; Polar; Ionosphere; Mesoscale meteorology; Radar","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003800495,0.000152961,0.0001701934,0.0006736603,0.0001916775,0.0002867379,0.0001586758,0.0001875559,0.0004016196],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0005246509,0.00006970021,0.0001548106,0.0005649778,0.0001317493,0.0002825056,0.0002665866,0.0001910761,0.0001440283],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001622324,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000108947,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.004259972,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.007236816,"domain_scores_codex":[0.999897,0.00001681726,0.000006050852,0.00003211481,0.00002580989,0.00002214228],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995751,0.00007214033,0.0001335242,0.00004334051,0.0001176503,0.00005829679],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001295383,0.0001019931,0.9710841,0.00002079477,0.00009919438,0.0001822662,0.0001598717,0.003903403,0.01101675,0.0001772343,0.000517287,0.0126075],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000001933074,0.00004555053,0.9938711,0.000003241413,0.00001320691,0.00004797286,0.00009525886,0.004930619,0.0005566865,0.0000280554,0.0004021252,0.000004340233],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9988607,0.00004605935,0.0004328165,0.00001293372,0.000003731926,0.000002846628,0.000311689,0.000008136675,0.0003211205],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9989029,0.00002505417,0.0002380068,0.000004430404,0.000008099215,0.000003144942,0.000653702,0.0000017732,0.0001629204],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.004259972,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.008470356,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.01982090424816515,"score_gpt":0.3315050509931682,"score_spread":0.3116841467450031,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}