{"id":"W7117463120","doi":"10.1177/01461672251398580","title":"Courageous but Indebted? Regional Courage is Associated With Higher Debt-to-Income Ratio in the United States","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin","topic":"Leadership, Courage, and Heroism Studies","field":"Psychology","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"","keywords":"Courage; Personality; Big Five personality traits; Unintended consequences; Regression analysis; Structural equation modeling; Geographic variation; Location","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000303816,0.00009080942,0.0001234696,0.0002583897,0.0002658374,0.0004046797,0.0001435441,0.0001347658,0.001357902],"category_scores_gemma":[0.001468546,0.00009095058,0.0001507438,0.0002877059,0.0002725924,0.0002049713,0.0003973843,0.0003797696,0.00007998451],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001848203,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001294158,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0143962,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.02932126,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9998845,0.00004886197,0.000007666769,0.00002673624,0.00001037181,0.00002185924],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9985448,0.0002023694,0.000770798,0.00008882586,0.00008365445,0.0003095753],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00002226981,0.00001968818,0.9981887,0.000002911291,0.00002318958,0.00003298335,0.0001498173,0.00009296725,0.00007408554,0.00003791909,0.0001399953,0.00121546],"study_design_scores_gemma":[9.157154e-7,0.0000115265,0.9993541,0.000003015118,0.000005557467,0.00002449564,0.000314735,0.0001593339,0.00001614751,0.00002888935,0.00008012248,0.000001151106],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9996026,0.00004808639,0.00003719501,0.00007089203,0.000001498046,6.8613e-7,0.00003523199,0.00000142316,0.0002023517],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9998738,0.00002262091,0.00001882197,0.000009288058,0.000001767613,5.441607e-7,0.00002872669,4.06954e-7,0.00004393186],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.0143962,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.02862477,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.05920292337888858,"score_gpt":0.3427990094636947,"score_spread":0.2835960860848061,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}