{"id":"W7117871160","doi":"10.1109/milcom64451.2025.11310048","title":"Navigating the Arctic Circle with Starlink and OneWeb LEO Satellites","year":2025,"lang":"","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"Maritime Navigation and Safety","field":"Engineering","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Air Force Office of Scientific Research; Office of Naval Research","keywords":"Doppler effect; Satellite; Trajectory; Altimeter; Kalman filter; Constellation; Mean squared error; Arctic","routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":true},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002993765,0.0003191312,0.0003017256,0.0003822019,0.0003490392,0.0004353931,0.0002874134,0.0002270475,0.0008242193],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0005770609,0.0001779777,0.000167451,0.0005177934,0.0002774733,0.0006181861,0.000888121,0.0002082616,0.0003408312],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003852511,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0008782809,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.02959273,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.05248743,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9997463,0.0000389194,0.000006859032,0.00006477847,0.0001006373,0.00004259055],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996941,0.00006332046,0.0000481991,0.00005348201,0.00009877664,0.00004212528],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.002933279,0.0004958872,0.1406268,0.0003126591,0.0002459002,0.0009641513,0.002387747,0.2792268,0.183281,0.002958417,0.003832689,0.3827345],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001681835,0.00183345,0.09890159,0.00004223029,0.0001250289,0.0005889668,0.001076248,0.7897759,0.08982804,0.0007873929,0.01679091,0.00008211021],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9552894,0.0001039441,0.0385098,0.00007077899,0.0000240297,0.00003739696,0.0002018305,0.0005612673,0.005201696],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9663429,0.00007190699,0.03023449,0.00002792614,0.000006369334,0.00001856034,0.0005080192,0.00002646731,0.00276332],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.02959273,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.05884093,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.005583472254716846,"score_gpt":0.2319859201691087,"score_spread":0.2264024479143918,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}