{"id":"W7123344028","doi":"10.1109/cdc57313.2025.11312904","title":"A Dynamic Coding Scheme to Prevent Covert Cyber-Attacks in Cyber-Physical Systems","year":2025,"lang":"","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"Smart Grid Security and Resilience","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"Concordia University","funders":"","keywords":"Covert; Coding (social sciences); Scheme (mathematics); Context (archaeology); Covert channel; Countermeasure","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000702567,0.0005758596,0.0004526657,0.0005737331,0.000451906,0.0005758228,0.0008050189,0.0007148999,0.001479172],"category_scores_gemma":[0.003737197,0.0001860048,0.0003364057,0.0004763485,0.00121088,0.001583058,0.001173922,0.0009047088,0.0002206011],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0006926433,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.001061043,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001097285,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0007631279,"domain_scores_codex":[0.999226,0.0001914992,0.0000345474,0.0001450886,0.0002937647,0.0001091639],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.998285,0.0009449538,0.0002275639,0.0002523834,0.0002246816,0.00006547654],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0002151771,0.0000639944,0.0004394653,0.0002215714,0.00004515797,0.0002867196,0.0002294566,0.6153004,0.03676251,0.2526054,0.001424643,0.09240547],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00002757071,0.0002014437,0.0001906431,0.00004928538,0.00002037403,0.0002133269,0.00003433646,0.951651,0.01126919,0.0335755,0.002736373,0.00003091326],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.02606867,0.0003454602,0.9686829,0.0002409753,0.00006869932,0.00006462105,0.00004802815,0.0001582513,0.004322426],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9296021,0.0003947044,0.06766583,0.0001082571,0.00004697763,0.0000937989,0.0000547312,0.00002174542,0.002011851],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.001479172,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.005025566,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.006210621711958189,"score_gpt":0.2583555384153692,"score_spread":0.252144916703411,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}