{"id":"W7125645429","doi":"10.1002/rar2.70056","title":"A Comprehensive Review of Adsorbents for Rare Earth Separation: Design, Synthesis, Adsorption Performance, and Mechanisms","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Rare Metals","topic":"Extraction and Separation Processes","field":"Engineering","cited_by":5,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; National Natural Science Foundation of China","keywords":"Adsorption; Rare earth; Process (computing); Aqueous medium; Composite number; Aqueous solution","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001514106,0.0001144727,0.0002736804,0.00009281828,0.00004719744,0.0000188404,0.00005412106,0.00005201038,0.0001204036],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00007347076,0.0001080749,0.00005271821,0.0001872961,0.00001284464,0.0002343222,0.000008827492,0.0000457044,0.000009671395],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000009572904,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00002570648,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":3.743233e-7,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":6.029777e-7,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9993557,0.00003818439,0.0002909209,0.0001228009,0.0001000878,0.00009227861],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994475,0.0001619606,0.00006224716,0.0001138579,0.0001864067,0.00002807325],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0004439307,0.0002884679,0.0001407009,0.2491124,0.001724307,0.000004136627,0.000594331,0.02866097,0.439071,0.04100212,0.121407,0.1175506],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0006988508,0.0001233549,0.0007061387,0.006204946,0.0003424089,0.00001570169,0.0001156704,0.04915224,0.6480935,0.001571006,0.2925811,0.0003951911],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.009486469,0.06555267,0.9160868,0.0001985592,0.000486531,0.001710885,0.0000612029,0.000262726,0.006154163],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9142804,0.06440397,0.01678985,0.0006814928,0.00003963646,0.0006072249,0.00007863762,0.00003189072,0.003086895],"genre_candidate":"methods","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.9047939,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4407168,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.02893434700296419,"score_gpt":0.2919613838418915,"score_spread":0.2630270368389273,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}