{"id":"W7125705432","doi":"10.5422/fordham/9781531510312.003.0004","title":"Tribulation","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"book-chapter","venue":"Fordham University Press eBooks","topic":"Theological Perspectives and Practices","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Sufism; Islam; Meaning (existential); Refugee; Ethnography; Sacrifice","routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":true},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001920655,0.0001372632,0.0001890508,0.00008818333,0.0005657307,0.00004815606,0.0003248763,0.000387853,0.0004272106],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00005408184,0.0001517233,0.0001401359,0.000008452193,0.0003007326,0.0001259014,0.0001354245,0.0002964903,0.00001309451],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001914923,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001457336,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001382099,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0003442038,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9991841,0.00008879256,0.00008425854,0.0002617714,0.0002065839,0.000174481],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992129,0.0002692121,0.0001572836,0.0001721619,0.0001087894,0.00007970804],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00007415321,0.000004846916,0.000001388199,0.000008046098,0.00005037732,0.00002142157,0.0008327055,0.000001470874,5.023271e-7,0.9886522,0.004274106,0.006078778],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001458928,0.00002672403,0.000009197697,0.00003608736,0.00009401385,2.128331e-7,0.0004501242,0.000003573433,0.000002192412,0.02829075,0.9707805,0.0001607454],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"other","genre_scores_codex":[0.00001264752,0.00009701243,0.0002593147,0.0002144233,0.000225656,0.000280144,0.00005660888,0.0001334455,0.9987208],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.002622079,0.0002745166,0.0001094282,0.00003653378,0.0001524953,2.305212e-7,0.00001054167,0.00000657361,0.9967876],"genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":"other","teacher_disagreement_score":0.9665064,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.6187098,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.04528529918188427,"score_gpt":0.2798849491671911,"score_spread":0.2345996499853068,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}