{"id":"W7125715213","doi":"10.3844/jcssp.2025.2951.2964","title":"Fake News Detection Using Weighted Fine-Tuned BERT and Sparse Recurrent Neural Network","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Computer Science","topic":"Misinformation and Its Impacts","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"Artificial Intelligence in Medicine (Canada)","funders":"","keywords":"Misinformation; Fake news; Preprocessor; Recurrent neural network; Feature (linguistics); Flagging; Deep learning; Artificial neural network; Word (group theory)","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001267777,0.00006428538,0.000125294,0.0002206533,0.0006250286,0.0003711466,0.0002725205,0.00003227248,0.00001126086],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001064982,0.00005148428,0.00004040979,0.001030956,0.0002469003,0.00115233,0.00006645481,0.0001369769,0.000001289218],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0000961423,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0004050366,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00005781397,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0001047648,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9988315,0.00007807845,0.0003126152,0.00008690026,0.0004511072,0.0002398292],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9991603,0.00006031329,0.0002639637,0.00007602435,0.00026843,0.0001709282],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00004685674,0.00003845658,0.003157758,0.00001248091,0.00001315511,0.000005793888,0.01015238,0.004287852,0.0004805399,0.002636931,0.002302473,0.9768654],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001512177,0.0004513924,0.09628648,0.0005539692,0.00005219838,0.0001298141,0.001640629,0.8379667,0.0009684461,0.003895376,0.05613874,0.0004040663],"study_design_candidate":"design_other","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.896642,0.0001100522,0.09782654,0.001270767,0.002908013,0.00007464918,1.697205e-7,0.00001190344,0.001155953],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9895192,0.0000534924,0.009333586,0.0005754564,0.0004628451,6.259496e-8,4.927917e-8,0.000001430389,0.00005386206],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.9764612,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4807278,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.03296609498041849,"score_gpt":0.3243325702454621,"score_spread":0.2913664752650437,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}