{"id":"W7125896246","doi":"10.1109/inspect67393.2025.11350544","title":"A Stacked Ensemble of Attention-Augmented Deep Learning Models for Robust Anomaly Detection in Smart Grids","year":2025,"lang":"","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"Electricity Theft Detection Techniques","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"Artificial Intelligence in Medicine (Canada)","funders":"","keywords":"Interpretability; Deep learning; Anomaly detection; Ensemble learning; Boosting (machine learning); Smart grid; Convolutional neural network; Gradient boosting; Grid","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0008080398,0.0004154025,0.0006367008,0.001698427,0.00018362,0.00006758665,0.0002351892,0.0004420036,0.00005934082],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000195243,0.0005213898,0.0003053265,0.002149957,0.00004880165,0.0004734601,0.00007655224,0.0006472122,0.000004216711],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0007262603,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000665566,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0007822381,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.002015423,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9972295,0.0001615864,0.00117333,0.0005428331,0.0002435363,0.0006491945],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9987282,0.0002824493,0.0002091063,0.0003621216,0.0003483566,0.00006981233],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000371376,0.0002275115,0.001246406,0.001082638,0.0003120875,0.000001707478,0.0002320919,0.5751719,0.3057921,0.001537555,0.00005215392,0.1139725],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0009635049,0.0003657873,0.0005183345,0.0002060733,0.00007644534,0.00000228003,0.0001808837,0.6291469,0.3660515,0.002129033,0.0001018325,0.0002574258],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.2120859,0.0004517325,0.7816286,0.00003952559,0.0003195918,0.001230828,0.000003830914,0.0006065976,0.003633333],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9828106,0.0003655124,0.01354857,0.0000215022,0.00003211344,0.000339185,0.00001074825,0.00007605971,0.002795688],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.7707247,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9997238,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.0145842821189494,"score_gpt":0.2286201274990934,"score_spread":0.214035845380144,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}