{"id":"W7126470075","doi":"10.18502/jabs.v16i1.20131","title":"Genetics and Neuroscience Biomarkers in Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder: Insights toward Precision Medicine, A Systematic Review","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Advanced Biomedical Sciences","topic":"Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder","field":"Medicine","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Neuroimaging; Dopamine transporter; Precision medicine; Stimulant; Genome-wide association study; Heritability; Genetic association; Dopaminergic; Polygenic risk score; Meta-analysis","routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":true},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001774035,0.0001934559,0.0009433349,0.0007320815,0.000153947,0.00003230345,0.000314151,0.00008451998,0.00001999066],"category_scores_gemma":[0.005120662,0.0001167738,0.0001203462,0.002458456,0.001127884,0.0004801157,0.0001012338,0.0003322227,0.000001948689],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00008512849,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0002918137,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00001199081,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00001097482,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9967348,0.0002411788,0.00112691,0.0003762229,0.001247096,0.000273769],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9981734,0.0005658306,0.0006147191,0.0001944278,0.0002319724,0.0002196842],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0007405281,0.004659161,0.4962439,0.2183308,0.0003863408,0.0006991449,0.0006179024,0.0002228306,0.1886112,0.0008257711,0.0006669746,0.08799542],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.008392844,0.004357517,0.5820986,0.3828023,0.001434062,0.001780965,0.008950596,0.00531137,0.00005802989,0.001293695,0.002809903,0.0007101091],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.915354,0.06504573,0.003089292,0.01498442,0.0005337553,0.0007604001,0.000001251261,0.00001312988,0.0002180862],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.969552,0.02826653,0.001139622,0.0009341777,0.00002829795,0.00001152404,0.000001013716,0.000006255688,0.00006051676],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.1885532,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.613028,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.02900553270971902,"score_gpt":0.3595001639516656,"score_spread":0.3304946312419466,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}