{"id":"W7127200949","doi":"10.1007/978-981-95-1513-4_22","title":"Cosmic Accelerators in an Extreme External Field","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"book-chapter","venue":"Springer proceedings in physics","topic":"Astrophysical Phenomena and Observations","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"ca_institutions":"Queen's University","funders":"","keywords":"Photon; Lorentz factor; Polarization (electrochemistry); Magnetic field; Neutron star; Magnetosphere; Cosmic ray; Vacuum polarization; Lorentz force; RADIUS","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00007063241,0.0004596976,0.0005152767,0.0001620148,0.00007297716,0.000121914,0.0004597746,0.0001467456,0.0002101602],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00000388264,0.0005141209,0.0001598225,0.0001613163,0.00005413048,0.0004659416,0.0002071127,0.0009655477,0.00003758049],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001228063,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001094475,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00007454339,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000006735073,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9982544,0.000003747003,0.0004765123,0.0006119683,0.0002463978,0.0004069891],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992819,0.00004248704,0.0002233632,0.0002314762,0.0001244106,0.00009639829],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00002539536,0.0001896262,0.02583385,0.00006943062,0.000034467,0.000003311518,0.0003204497,0.0001040474,0.0005906046,0.9126583,0.0003870668,0.05978343],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001237417,0.0001974376,0.004497398,0.001609835,0.00008851668,1.157509e-7,0.0002061133,0.001965951,0.00207066,0.9742532,0.01234663,0.001526664],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.0763545,0.00006290921,0.002016373,0.00008710089,0.0003540196,0.0006225377,0.00004194974,0.00007899131,0.9203816],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.936977,0.00001038999,0.001549705,0.0002372633,0.00234169,0.00009790947,0.0000465212,0.0001032156,0.05863633],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.8617453,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9997311,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.03076330862072866,"score_gpt":0.2513835770335477,"score_spread":0.2206202684128191,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}