{"id":"W7128204165","doi":"10.1117/1.bios.2.3.032507","title":"Skin tone corrected pulse oximetry models evaluated through reflective pulsatile Monte Carlo simulations","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Biophotonics discovery.","topic":"Non-Invasive Vital Sign Monitoring","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"Ted Rogers Centre for Heart Research; University of Toronto","funders":"Canadian Institutes of Health Research","keywords":"Pulsatile flow; Monte Carlo method; Pulse (music); Pulse oximetry","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0007352267,0.0003248847,0.0002668277,0.0002270932,0.0002253059,0.0006356806,0.0006573858,0.0007972661,0.001515491],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00608283,0.0001735074,0.0002887523,0.0002036857,0.000262478,0.000352055,0.0003598751,0.0005870741,0.000198267],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0004908354,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0006942463,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.007487169,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.005088006,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9998061,0.00008300634,0.000009598955,0.00002665965,0.00005028031,0.00002435539],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9975961,0.001835811,0.0001938786,0.00008259129,0.0002290353,0.0000626644],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001101869,0.00006239228,0.002404423,0.00003523033,0.00001454606,0.00007380627,0.00004042252,0.9875882,0.001083096,0.00159531,0.0004372493,0.00655511],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000005966145,0.00001520079,0.0001625935,0.000005518498,0.000003715283,0.00001065493,0.000006241647,0.9990106,0.0004034389,0.0002395695,0.0001332095,0.000003301971],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.6194779,0.0008187052,0.361881,0.001193008,0.000227171,0.0002016084,0.0006100785,0.0008868919,0.01470368],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9778176,0.0001188333,0.02041724,0.0001100081,0.00001526152,0.00006782813,0.0001033394,0.00006447489,0.00128545],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.007487169,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.01488721,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.01936312908989486,"score_gpt":0.2950890555765216,"score_spread":0.2757259264866267,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}