{"id":"W7128250779","doi":"10.3138/ccar.v7i2.215","title":"Pharmaceutical Class Actions and Effective Behaviour Modification: Avoiding Ford <i>Pintos</i> Through Punitive Damages","year":2011,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Canadian Class Action Review","topic":"Dispute Resolution and Class Actions","field":"Business, Management and Accounting","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Punitive damages; Deterrence (psychology); Deterrence theory; Damages; Class action; Supreme court","routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":true},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.006016939,0.000360202,0.0003317916,0.001459425,0.004134977,0.005529,0.002106568,0.00624167,0.003246005],"category_scores_gemma":[0.01694943,0.0001883575,0.0004781831,0.0008498835,0.01311588,0.002055541,0.002327604,0.004192169,0.0003025762],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.01539849,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.03463815,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.2813224,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.4434345,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9888139,0.002802668,0.0004050876,0.0006209087,0.005584897,0.001772479],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9891471,0.005859451,0.001871648,0.0005031861,0.00214464,0.000473933],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000211116,0.0000533173,0.001792467,0.0003207775,0.00002033169,0.0003060393,0.002434757,0.000958722,0.0002912582,0.8900234,0.01747746,0.08630037],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00008186229,0.0002041784,0.01643451,0.001954263,0.0001415092,0.0009313865,0.005126413,0.002135803,0.002627646,0.2184921,0.751734,0.0001362567],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.04250902,0.075717,0.01767249,0.156259,0.001578205,0.0003045159,0.00005125349,0.0001055299,0.705803],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.8646464,0.02245946,0.006026156,0.04223897,0.000599017,0.00012677,0.00002589507,0.00001868164,0.06385852],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.2813224,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5593698,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.173633723831997,"score_gpt":0.3460725674421547,"score_spread":0.1724388436101577,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}