{"id":"W7130694051","doi":"10.1109/swc65939.2025.00084","title":"Comparison of small object detection approaches in unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) images","year":2025,"lang":"","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"Advanced Neural Network Applications","field":"Computer Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Calgary","funders":"","keywords":"Object detection; Benchmark (surveying); Convolutional neural network; Context (archaeology); Feature (linguistics); Deep learning; Aerial image; Generalization; Key (lock)","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001984454,0.001850682,0.001006801,0.002831897,0.00050779,0.001577242,0.001354665,0.001335004,0.00122527],"category_scores_gemma":[0.005003346,0.0003172785,0.0008651583,0.001279607,0.0004052377,0.001819788,0.00122149,0.0008501257,0.000954823],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0009031456,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0007647528,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.01297263,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0185557,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9986272,0.0002167952,0.0001007954,0.0004758364,0.000389626,0.0001897265],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9987098,0.000544878,0.0000996356,0.0002045423,0.0003599789,0.00008113436],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.001657619,0.0004006402,0.02014927,0.0009944616,0.0008484604,0.0002417764,0.0002159211,0.119709,0.02033232,0.002087602,0.01462481,0.8187381],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000876627,0.0008308857,0.02929769,0.0002426824,0.0002842203,0.0005875708,0.0006133419,0.919481,0.03380076,0.002977753,0.01171431,0.00008215789],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.7418401,0.01899559,0.2046036,0.001003386,0.000939259,0.000541017,0.00386509,0.00771602,0.02049588],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.806537,0.003957377,0.1721517,0.0004303202,0.0001376743,0.0001455496,0.01136036,0.0004207541,0.004859266],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.01297263,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.02579421,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.06464606045802494,"score_gpt":0.3127073072439602,"score_spread":0.2480612467859352,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}