{"id":"W7132880693","doi":"","title":"Darwinian Evolution's First 50 Years of Impact on Medicine and Botany at the University of Toronto, 1859 to 1909","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Project Muse (Johns Hopkins University)","topic":"History of Science and Natural History","field":"Arts and Humanities","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Darwinism; Economic botany; Charles darwin; Biological sciences; German; Scientific discovery","routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":true},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00009416016,0.0001123163,0.0002010603,0.000642042,0.0004085398,0.000004670583,0.0003152396,0.00003799337,0.001241768],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000272338,0.00009230498,0.0000866716,0.0004527668,0.0008058093,0.0002645316,0.0001159156,0.00009268869,0.00002345363],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0005335254,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000129305,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.1662006,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.2007012,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9992772,0.00004543808,0.00008896537,0.0002230161,0.0002157374,0.0001496143],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994628,0.00007282609,0.00009953533,0.0001780856,0.00007696846,0.0001097179],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"qualitative","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.002007978,0.000169859,0.0005933871,0.0001311806,0.0001699299,0.00009903942,0.8689367,0.00004730241,0.0003752122,0.02101664,0.09112869,0.01532409],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0004118662,0.0006499672,0.001499743,0.00004576621,0.00004674413,8.32462e-7,0.008725994,0.00002396064,0.000009278669,4.100394e-7,0.9884789,0.0001065591],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.4379278,0.00009710246,0.00001117667,0.0016225,0.0002035662,0.0003441974,0.0001202925,0.00004841517,0.5596249],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9934528,0.005650314,0.00002595343,0.0001862503,0.0000900919,7.121426e-8,0.000002747292,0.000006913741,0.0005848497],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.8973502,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9996712,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.02488292173134476,"score_gpt":0.2100717091861604,"score_spread":0.1851887874548156,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}