{"id":"W7133034082","doi":"","title":"Police Use of Force: Understanding its Impact on Indigenous and Black Community Members in Ontario","year":2022,"lang":"","type":"dissertation","venue":"TSpace","topic":"Policing Practices and Perceptions","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention","keywords":"Indigenous; Use of force; Deadly force; Police brutality; Ethnic group; Qualitative research; Racism; Focus group; Community policing","routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":true},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","sts","research_integrity","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001368305,0.0003825205,0.0005745806,0.0004933319,0.002081209,0.0002146647,0.0003804383,0.0003692926,0.003924562],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001347736,0.0004111631,0.0001836169,0.0007855688,0.0002754906,0.0005404586,0.0001025595,0.00237526,0.00001040344],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.003610805,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.001489719,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.9981115,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.9977391,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9964931,0.001497599,0.0004509281,0.0003013308,0.0006250753,0.0006319567],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9967108,0.001842434,0.000749666,0.0003868217,0.00006856544,0.0002416626],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"qualitative","study_design_gemma":"qualitative","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0005519265,0.0002469453,0.01426681,0.00008817361,0.00009604314,0.000001112271,0.9805017,0.003612329,0.0001304712,0.0003776703,0.00007086598,0.00005592584],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000369614,0.0005789918,0.2131332,0.0002040911,0.0001319632,0.000001724333,0.7840737,0.0001374658,0.00001324828,0.0001273288,0.0008696357,0.0003590541],"study_design_candidate":"qualitative","study_design_consensus":"qualitative","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9709277,0.00002035172,0.000002463243,0.0001291869,0.0002772663,0.0006837368,0.00004753071,0.00001796659,0.02789378],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9678785,0.0007756302,0.00001328238,0.0001068249,0.00003414598,0.00001197549,0.0001573451,0.00003479122,0.0309875],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.1988664,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999263,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.2062363655552718,"score_gpt":0.4708045008986647,"score_spread":0.2645681353433929,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}