{"id":"W7134944141","doi":"10.1109/icdmw69685.2025.00434","title":"Early Wildfire Detection with UAVs using a Frame Difference Method","year":2025,"lang":"","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"Fire Detection and Safety Systems","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"Quest University Canada","funders":"","keywords":"Frame (networking); Noise (video); Field (mathematics); Drone","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002687584,0.0003909505,0.000506678,0.0005420209,0.0002061448,0.0003826498,0.0007117925,0.0004471178,0.0006036944],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0007424796,0.0002278983,0.000344395,0.0003581045,0.0002377502,0.0005667658,0.0005041257,0.0005581841,0.0001482839],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002999954,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0003988652,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.004657002,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.004937896,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9998583,0.00001595452,0.000007145067,0.00004034955,0.00004727636,0.00003094283],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999835,0.00005478047,0.00002761645,0.00002232133,0.00003828979,0.00002189822],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0004455566,0.0002168406,0.00664227,0.000094715,0.00008643421,0.0003510917,0.0001506997,0.4238865,0.07238572,0.006151954,0.002508764,0.4870794],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000003625772,0.00001742455,0.0003787201,0.000002255034,0.000002888598,0.00001653468,0.000005434028,0.9960259,0.00279593,0.0005505612,0.0001974996,0.000003186386],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"methods","genre_scores_codex":[0.0991191,0.0002232287,0.8988406,0.00009551277,0.00008370247,0.00003320265,0.0000703542,0.0005406246,0.0009936546],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.7533625,0.0001353929,0.2453939,0.00005912464,0.00004044181,0.00002982484,0.0001376056,0.00003068613,0.0008105258],"genre_candidate":"methods","genre_consensus":"methods","teacher_disagreement_score":0.004657002,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.00925976,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.01079425490739999,"score_gpt":0.2445227484940975,"score_spread":0.2337284935866975,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}