{"id":"W7140297713","doi":"10.1109/fmlds67896.2025.00126","title":"Combining Image Transformations to Solve Unseen Time Series Classification Problems","year":2025,"lang":"","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"Time Series Analysis and Forecasting","field":"Computer Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Windsor","funders":"","keywords":"Image (mathematics); Series (stratigraphy); Pattern recognition (psychology); Feature (linguistics); Image processing; Image segmentation","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","scholarly_communication","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0007039483,0.0003519485,0.0004772318,0.0004783806,0.001014606,0.0015226,0.001009725,0.0001355417,0.0006586476],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000610753,0.0003421879,0.0002554556,0.002879802,0.0001392268,0.002609861,0.0003076138,0.0002508858,0.0009587932],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001135941,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0002617772,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00009778395,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00009096288,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9971457,0.00007054349,0.001075182,0.0007078644,0.0003654453,0.0006353346],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9982188,0.00009128729,0.0002095079,0.0008168668,0.0004555622,0.0002079767],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00004678666,0.000332866,0.0001259636,0.000294982,0.000425536,0.000003635085,0.01804445,0.004417771,0.02567891,0.672431,0.01367183,0.2645262],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0004006767,0.0002691774,0.001336704,0.0003231133,0.0001474592,0.000007019695,0.001285197,0.9508625,0.002873332,0.00419376,0.03775001,0.0005510648],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.0007446575,0.0001044409,0.8230425,0.01852443,0.0002553836,0.0005698923,0.000014209,0.0002064516,0.1565381],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.5895633,0.0001759599,0.3158244,0.001942655,0.0001428503,0.000191422,0.00009990465,0.00005034586,0.09200918],"genre_candidate":"methods","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.9464447,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.999903,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.01620326117147761,"score_gpt":0.2411299719601734,"score_spread":0.2249267107886958,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}