{"id":"W7161935961","doi":"10.82308/44943","title":"Technological change in “ordinary medicine”: the emergence of minimally invasive gallbladder surgery, c. 1970-1992","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"dissertation","venue":"","topic":"Gallbladder and Bile Duct Disorders","field":"Medicine","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Endoscopic surgery; Laparoscopy; Gallbladder; Laparoscopic cholecystectomy; Medical screening","routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":true},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0005780406,0.0004797184,0.001273927,0.0005635334,0.00005945426,0.000008258938,0.0003619749,0.0007149934,0.007103449],"category_scores_gemma":[0.001449885,0.0002899045,0.000357562,0.001217707,0.000464801,0.00007028411,0.00007720027,0.0007894671,0.00001793664],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00003068442,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0005328807,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001608167,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.009573688,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9969884,0.0001392921,0.0009914787,0.0006671621,0.0007464156,0.0004672492],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9979629,0.0005724482,0.0003404181,0.0006909439,0.0003267552,0.0001065488],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.003058489,0.004355461,0.3426404,0.01070048,0.002091726,0.00380636,0.02842782,0.000002002416,0.06741307,0.003878193,0.3935833,0.1400427],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.002563898,0.001488036,0.7744262,0.00749166,0.001210545,0.000259958,0.1815671,0.00003433312,0.01985542,0.0009851675,0.008584478,0.001533118],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9080584,0.01378973,0.00000351461,0.01285639,0.0008876284,0.001950668,0.00001684793,0.0001277268,0.06230912],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9849911,0.007773578,0.00009121092,0.001068905,0.000200824,0.0003650059,0.001562229,0.00005517959,0.003891913],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.4317858,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999553,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.04499352878598661,"score_gpt":0.3102614487992826,"score_spread":0.265267920013296,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}