{"id":"W7164005075","doi":"10.1109/iipem65914.2025.11547960","title":"Discriminant Analysis for Classifying Online Shoppers Based on Purchase Intentions","year":2025,"lang":"","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"Customer churn and segmentation","field":"Business, Management and Accounting","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"Marriott International (Canada)","funders":"","keywords":"Linear discriminant analysis; Feature (linguistics); Construct (python library); Data collection; Statistical analysis","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0004629582,0.0003985871,0.0005201219,0.002946314,0.0007385433,0.0008058258,0.0003045624,0.0001326837,0.001236853],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002866621,0.0003590983,0.0009417516,0.003645715,0.00009913351,0.0006842797,0.0001320841,0.0002001057,0.00005517471],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001898542,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00009905354,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0002969161,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001980026,"domain_scores_codex":[0.997546,0.0000224729,0.0007577437,0.0007205344,0.0004252112,0.0005281011],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9986159,0.0001702603,0.0002801362,0.0004775208,0.0004230692,0.00003312114],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.004205455,0.01632712,0.2753033,0.00767794,0.01121333,0.00004108539,0.0004101707,0.06526247,0.01127472,0.186522,0.06668136,0.3550811],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.002513312,0.0000442473,0.03403334,0.0002910037,0.007184753,5.349621e-8,0.00563459,0.9221668,0.00007656965,0.0002510971,0.02735031,0.0004539543],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.04514921,0.0001852368,0.8574589,0.03992137,0.002393323,0.002002254,0.0001599038,0.0002330099,0.05249679],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9755413,0.00002824345,0.001170651,0.009951511,0.0003162034,0.0001094194,0.001300373,0.000029679,0.01155263],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.9303921,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9998861,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.05428878798630531,"score_gpt":0.3189616421809275,"score_spread":0.2646728541946222,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}