{"id":"W81072325","doi":"10.2166/wqrj.2003.045","title":"Polyelectrolyte Age and N-Nitrosodimethylamine Formation in Drinking Water Treatment","year":2003,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Water Quality Research Journal","topic":"Water Treatment and Disinfection","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":58,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo","funders":"American Water Works Association Research Foundation","keywords":"Dimethylamine; Flocculation; Chemistry; Stock (firearms); Epichlorohydrin; Chromatography; Organic chemistry; Materials science; Metallurgy","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001822818,0.000142307,0.0001335788,0.00008810215,0.000103568,0.0002173112,0.00009449424,0.0001829471,0.0005856622],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0003832792,0.00008878554,0.000176198,0.00008062547,0.0001261923,0.0002277547,0.0001035462,0.000153143,0.00008014737],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0004702066,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001810911,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.002720848,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.002613585,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9999442,0.00001201148,0.00000347728,0.00001125381,0.00001484309,0.0000141846],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9998589,0.0000599757,0.00003312185,0.000006279525,0.00002898333,0.00001281628],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0004884829,0.0001568274,0.01531352,0.00008333997,0.0000323911,0.00009455713,0.00008821607,0.03376633,0.9438057,0.0002320151,0.00006269426,0.005875905],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00002135489,0.001071121,0.02106589,0.000003613811,0.00002401341,0.00002708366,0.00007156572,0.04361781,0.9334964,0.0001195241,0.000472356,0.000009179318],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.999355,0.00004492638,0.0003796881,0.000005464001,0.000001408443,0.000003671237,0.00002232381,0.000005399927,0.0001822111],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9993,0.00004729022,0.0003260991,0.000003034506,4.982426e-7,0.000002783467,0.0000299094,0.000001864018,0.0002885754],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.002720848,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.005410016,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.08328266783384224,"score_gpt":0.3591199856134407,"score_spread":0.2758373177795984,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}