Palaeomacroecology: large scale patterns in species diversity through the fossil record
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Palaeoecology thesis on diversity patterns in the fossil record; includes an R package and a clustering algorithm, but these are domain analysis tools and the object is species diversity.
This thesis develops tools and analyzes fossil biodiversity while studying paleontology, not research itself.
Paleontology thesis on large-scale fossil diversity patterns; domain science, not metaresearch.
Résumé
Palaeomacroecology is the study of large scale patterns of species diversity in the fossil record, encompassing a variety of subtopics. This thesis also addresses a variety of these subtopics, making it difficult to define under one heading.The first portion of the thesis deals with a new package of software tools for the analysis of large scale datasets, with a specific focus towards palaeoecology and palaeogeography. These software tools have been combined into a package called fossil that has been released on the Comprehensive R Archive Network (CRAN), and is already being used by other palaeoecologists. While the majority of these tools had a basis in previous statistical methods, I have also independently developed a clustering algorithm for use with biogeographic datasets. This clustering algorithm is relational, non-Euclidean and non-hierarchical and as such is called Non-Euclidean Relational Clustering (NERC). NERC eliminates several of the assumptions common to most other clustering methods that are often violated by biogeographic data.The next portion of my thesis describes a new Triassic aged flora from Axel Heiberg Island in Nunavut. Macroecological studies typically use large databases compiled from individual samples; therefore, these individual samples represent the foundation on which macroecological analyses rest, and collection and description of new fossil bearing sites is vital to the advancement of palaeomacroecology.Chapter 5 is an analysis of the provinciality and beta diversity of dinosaurs in the Late Cretaceous of North America. This analysis found that contrary to previous studies, dinosaur genera were widespread across the continent and not restricted to small geographic ranges. Chapter 6 is the final culmination of my thesis, and where I see palaeomacroecology headed in the future. It is an analysis of how latitudinal diversity gradients in plants have changed through time. The analysis assesses the impact of changing climate in creating and sustaining the latitudinal diversity gradient, and lends support to the idea that temperatures are important drivers of the gradient.The final chapter is a summary of where palaeomacroecology has been, and where its future work might be best focused. While the field of palaeontology is vital to our understanding of large scale, especially temporally, patterns of species diversity, the field of palaeontology has an opportunity to advance our understanding at an even more rapid pace provided we ask the appropriate questions of our data.
Conservé avec la notice de tri, où il sert de preuve aux étiquettes ci-dessus.
La notice
- Revue
- eScholarship@McGill (McGill)
- Thématique
- Paleontology and Evolutionary Biology
- Domaine
- Earth and Planetary Sciences
- Établissements canadiens
- —
- Organismes subventionnaires
- McGill University
- Mots-clés
- Cluster analysisFossil RecordScale (ratio)MacroecologyVariety (cybernetics)PaleoecologyDiversity (politics)Relational database
- Résumé présent dans OpenAlex
- oui